Concussion Protocols for Schools: Signs, Recovery Plans & Teacher Support

What School Nurses Need to Know About Concussions

+ This post contains affiliate links. +

As school nurses, we know that head injuries happen—whether it’s on the playground, during sports, or just from an accidental fall. March is Brain Injury Awareness Month, making it the perfect time to refresh our knowledge on concussion protocols, return-to-learn and return-to-play plans, and how to support teachers in accommodating students post-concussion. Let’s dive in!

Recognizing the Signs of a Concussion

A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that can occur after a blow to the head or a sudden jolt. While some symptoms appear immediately, others can take hours or even days to develop.

Common Signs & Symptoms:

• Physical: Headache, dizziness, nausea, sensitivity to light or noise, balance problems

• Cognitive: Confusion, trouble concentrating, memory issues, slowed thinking

• Emotional: Irritability, mood swings, anxiety, depression

• Sleep-Related: Sleeping more or less than usual, trouble falling asleep

As school nurses, we cannot diagnose concussions, but we play a key role in recognizing symptoms and making sure students receive proper care. If a student shows any of these signs after a head injury, it’s essential to remove them from activity immediately, contact their parents, and urge medical follow-up as soon as possible. When in doubt, always refer them for further evaluation.

Best Practices for Return-to-Learn & Return-to-Play Plans

Returning to normal activities too soon can make concussion symptoms worse. That’s why gradual reintegration is key.  After an official diagnoses, many doctor's or athletic trainers will provide guidelines similar to the below-

Return-to-Learn:

• Start with shortened school days or reduced workload

• Minimize screen time (computers, tablets, smartboards)

• Provide extra breaks as needed

• Allow extra time for assignments and tests

• Reduce bright lights and noise exposure in the classroom

Return-to-Play:

• Students should be completely symptom-free before returning to sports

• Follow a stepwise approach, increasing activity levels gradually

• Always get medical clearance before full participation in sports

• Monitor for any return of symptoms

Educating Teachers on Concussion Recovery

Teachers play a crucial role in helping students recover, but many don’t realize how much a concussion can impact learning. As a school nurse, you can help by:

• Explaining common symptoms and how they affect students in the classroom

• Providing classroom accommodation tips (e.g., reducing screen time, modifying workloads, allowing movement breaks)

• Encouraging open communication between teachers, parents, and medical providers

Final Thoughts

As school nurses, we’re often the first line of defense in identifying concussions and guiding students through recovery. By recognizing symptoms early, ensuring gradual reintegration into learning and sports, and educating school staff, we can help students heal safely and effectively.

Have you implemented a great concussion protocol in your school? If so, please share your experiences in the comments below!

 Check out these other popular DOASN blog posts & product links.

School Nurses—Let’s Talk Documentation!

School Nurse Documentation:

Ethical Considerations & Best Practices

+ This post contains affiliate links. +

We all know documentation is a huge part of our job, but are we doing it in the best, most efficient way possible? If you've ever wondered about best practices, ethical considerations, or how to improve your charting skills, you won’t want to miss this!

Documentation—love it or hate it, it’s a crucial part of school nursing. Whether you’re still using paper records or transitioning to an electronic health record (EHR) system, proper documentation isn’t just about keeping track of student visits. It’s an ethical responsibility that impacts patient care, legal protection, and even your annual evaluation.

Let’s break down some of the key considerations when it comes to documentation in school nursing, including ethical challenges, timely record-keeping, and how EHRs are changing the game.

My School Nurse, Wendy DeGraffenried, has an amazing YouTube video breaking it all down. She covers:

• Why timely documentation matters
• Common mistakes (and how to fix them!)
• Tips for navigating electronic health records (EHRs)
• And so much more!

Watch it here: https://youtu.be/w-xD7pt9lH8?si=2QZVO_V7W-8d_nKR

Here's a brief written overview of what she covers in her video:

---

Self-Reflection: Where Do You Stand with Documentation?

Before diving in, take a moment to reflect:

• What’s your current method of documentation?
• Are you documenting in real time, or do you find yourself catching up hours (or days) later?
• How do you handle corrections—whether on paper or in an EHR?
• Have you ever experienced ethical or moral distress related to documentation?

Acknowledging these challenges is the first step toward improving your practice.

---

Timely Documentation: Why It Matters

Documenting student visits and interventions in a timely manner isn’t just best practice—it’s an expectation. Late entries can lead to confusion, missed details, and even impact your evaluation under the Danielson Framework (a common tool used for school nurse assessments).

Here’s what you need to know:

• Aim to document by the end of the school day. If that’s not possible, make sure to note both the actual event time and the time you’re entering the record.
• Consistently late documentation is considered unsatisfactory in evaluations. Even occasional delays can impact your rating.
• Set a goal for yourself—whether it’s improving speed, accuracy, or reducing the number of late entries. Small improvements can make a big difference.

---

The EHR Transition: Your Voice Matters

Many school districts are shifting from paper documentation to electronic health records (EHRs). While this transition improves access, efficiency, and data security, it also comes with challenges.

If your district is implementing an EHR, be involved in the process! As the nurse using the system daily, you understand what works and what doesn’t. Administrators might not see the workflow challenges you face, so speak up about:

• User-friendliness
• Standardized naming conventions
• Access for unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs)
• Security and confidentiality concerns

EHRs should support you—not create more obstacles.

---

Correcting Errors: What’s the Right Way?

Mistakes happen. Maybe you charted on the wrong student or entered incorrect information. The key is how you correct it:

• For paper charts: Draw a single line through the error, label it as a mistake, initial it, and add the correct information. Never erase or use correction fluid.
• For EHRs: Don’t delete the original entry. Instead, make an addendum explaining the error and providing the correct information. Transparency is key.

Any undocumented change can be seen as suspicious, so always follow proper correction protocols.

---

Delegation & UAP Documentation: Keeping It Clear

If you delegate nursing tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs), their documentation should align with yours. Mixing documentation methods (some using paper, others using EHRs) creates confusion and gaps in care.

Make sure:

• UAPs have their own login credentials for the EHR. No shared accounts or passwords!
• They document only what they are responsible for—never on your behalf.
• They have the right level of access to student records to complete their delegated tasks correctly.

Proper delegation and documentation protect both the nurse and the student.

---

Final Thoughts: Raising the Bar in School Nurse Documentation

Accurate, timely, and ethical documentation isn’t just about checking a box—it’s about providing quality student care and protecting yourself legally and professionally.

Take time to:

• Evaluate your documentation habits
• Set small, achievable goals for improvement
• Advocate for EHR systems that work for school nurses
• Ensure UAP documentation aligns with best practices

By strengthening your documentation practices, you not only improve your own efficiency but also contribute to better care for students—and that’s what school nursing is all about.

 Check out these popular school nurse books!

School Nurse Documentation

The Importance of Documentation for School Nurses

+ This post contains affiliate links. +

Let’s Talk Documentation

Whether you're charting a student visit, documenting medication administration, writing an accident report, or communicating with parents, good documentation isn't just about keeping records. It supports continuity of care, communicates your clinical thinking, and protects both your students and your professional nursing practice.

The good news? Documentation doesn't have to be complicated.

Once you develop a consistent system, documenting becomes faster, easier, and much less stressful.

Why Documentation Matters

Early in my career, I documented because I knew I was supposed to.

Later, I realized why documentation matters.

Several years after caring for a student, I was contacted through my school district regarding an incident. Thankfully, I had documented everything I needed to recall and years later, those notes became important!

That experience changed the way I think about charting.

Documentation isn't simply a record of what happened.

It tells the story of the nursing care you provided.

Good documentation:

• supports continuity of care
• communicates with parents and healthcare providers
• documents your clinical decision-making
• protects both students and nurses
• creates an accurate legal record when questions arise later

That experience reinforced something I now tell every new school nurse:

Document as though you may need to read your note again years from now—because someday, you just might.

Documentation Doesn't Have to Be Complicated

One of the easiest ways to improve your documentation is to use the same basic structure every time you chart.

Instead of wondering what to include, simply ask yourself:

• Why did the student come to the health office?

• What did I observe?

• What nursing care did I provide?

• What happened next?

• Is any follow-up needed?

Whether you're documenting a headache, medication administration, an injury, or a chronic health condition, these same questions help create clear, consistent documentation.

Good Documentation Tells the Story

Compare these examples.

Instead of writing:

"Stomachache. Sent back."

consider documenting:

"Student reports stomachache after lunch. Denies vomiting or fever. Rested 15 minutes with improvement. Returned to class. Will return if symptoms continue."

Notice the difference?

The second example explains:

• why the student came
• what was observed
• what nursing care was provided
• how the student responded
• what happened next

Your documentation should tell the story of the care you provided.

Simple Habits That Improve Documentation

Good documentation isn't about writing more.

It's about writing consistently.

Here are a few habits that can make charting easier:

✔ Document as soon as possible while the details are still fresh.

✔ Use objective language rather than opinions or assumptions.

✔ Follow the same documentation structure every time.

✔ Include the student's response and any follow-up.

✔ Write clearly enough that another nurse could understand exactly what happened.

Developing a consistent documentation system saves time, improves communication, and builds confidence.

Before You Finish Your Note...

Ask yourself:

✓ Would another nurse understand exactly what happened?

✓ Is my documentation objective and professional?

✓ Did I include the outcome or follow-up?

If the answer is yes, you're probably done.

Final Thoughts

Documentation may never become your favorite part of school nursing—but it is one of the most important.

Every note you write tells the story of your nursing care.

When your documentation is clear, objective, and consistent, it supports continuity of care, communicates your clinical reasoning, and protects both your students and your professional practice.

Remember...

Good documentation isn't about writing more.

It's about documenting clearly enough that someone else can understand exactly what happened.

Over time, you'll develop a documentation system that works for you—and once you do, charting becomes one more routine part of providing safe, high-quality care.

 Check out these other popular DOASN blog posts.